Which part of the brain is associated with complex cognitive and behavioral processes?

The forebrain is associated with complex cognitive and behavioral processes because it encompasses structures that are crucial for higher-level thinking, emotional regulation, decision-making, and social behaviors. This part of the brain includes the cerebral cortex, which is responsible for functions such as reasoning, planning, problem-solving, and language. Additionally, the forebrain houses areas like the limbic system, which is important for emotions and memory.

The other parts of the brain play different roles: the hindbrain primarily manages basic life functions such as heart rate and breathing, while the midbrain is involved in visual and auditory processing and the regulation of movement. The brainstem, which includes the midbrain, pons, and medulla, primarily governs automatic functions necessary for survival. Thus, the complex cognitive and behavioral processes are distinctly aligned with the functions regulated by the forebrain.