Which of the following theories emphasizes the existence of unconscious internal states that motivate behavior?

Psychoanalytic theory is centered on the idea that much of human behavior is influenced by unconscious internal states, such as desires, fears, and motivations. Developed by Sigmund Freud, this theory posits that individuals may not be fully aware of these underlying forces, which can manifest in various ways, including dreams, slips of the tongue, and neurotic behaviors. These unconscious motivations are seen as key drivers of behavior, providing a framework for understanding the complexities of human personality and conflicts.

In contrast, behaviorism focuses on observable behaviors and external stimuli, denying the importance of internal mental states. Cognitive psychology seeks to understand the processes behind thought and perception but does not primarily emphasize the unconscious. Humanism, on the other hand, highlights personal growth and self-actualization, prioritizing conscious choice and free will rather than unconscious influences. Thus, psychoanalytic theory is unique in its emphasis on the significance of the unconscious in motivating behavior, making it the accurate answer to the question.