Which condition is characterized by impairment in memory functions?

The condition characterized by impairment in memory functions is indeed amnesia. Amnesia specifically refers to a significant disturbance in memory, which can result from various factors such as brain injury, psychological trauma, or certain medical conditions. Individuals with amnesia may experience difficulties in recalling past events, learning new information, or retaining memories over time.

While dementia also involves memory impairments, it is a broader syndrome that includes a decline in various cognitive functions, including reasoning, judgment, and spatial abilities, along with memory. Dementia is progressive and typically affects individuals over time, while amnesia can occur suddenly or following specific events.

Aphasia primarily affects language capabilities, making it challenging for individuals to communicate effectively, but it does not solely pertain to memory issues. Psychosis is a condition marked by a disconnection from reality, which can include hallucinations and delusions, but again does not specifically indicate memory impairment.

Therefore, amnesia stands out as the specific condition that directly correlates with memory function impairment, focusing solely on that aspect of cognition.