What role do cones play in human vision according to Trichromatic Theory?

Cones are specialized photoreceptor cells in the retina that play a crucial role in color vision. According to Trichromatic Theory, which was developed by Thomas Young and Hermann von Helmholtz, cones are sensitive to three different wavelengths of light corresponding to the three primary colors: red, green, and blue. Each type of cone responds to a specific range of wavelengths, allowing the brain to interpret and combine these signals into the perception of a wide array of colors.

The theory posits that the different combinations of stimulation from these cones lead to the identification of numerous colors. Thus, the primary function of cones is indeed to provide color sensitivity, enabling us to experience a rich visual world filled with varying hues and shades. This is fundamental to how we perceive our environment, distinguishing it from other visual processes that are more focused on detecting movement, peripheral vision, or depth.