What is referred to as the resting potential in a neuron?

The resting potential in a neuron refers to a stable, negative charge inside the cell relative to the outside environment when the neuron is not actively transmitting an impulse. This state is primarily due to the distribution of ions, particularly sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+), across the neuronal membrane, maintained by the sodium-potassium pump.

When a neuron is at resting potential, it is "ready" to be activated in response to stimuli; this state allows the neuron to quickly initiate an action potential when needed. Thus, the concept of a "slight electrical charge waiting to be activated" accurately captures the essence of resting potential, as it emphasizes the neuron's preparedness to respond to incoming signals.

Other options may not convey the correct understanding of resting potential. For example, a slight positive charge within the cell misinterprets the typical resting state, which is negative. Referring to resting potential as a form of action potential misstates its nature since action potentials are bursts of rapid depolarization, while resting potential is a stable state. Finally, measuring sensory input is unrelated to the concept of resting potential, which is more about the neuron's internal environment than its reaction to stimuli.