What does the concept of 'social influence' refer to in bystander situations?

The concept of 'social influence' in bystander situations primarily refers to the tendency to conform to the behavior of others. When individuals are faced with a situation requiring a response—such as witnessing someone in distress—they often look to those around them for cues on how to act. If others are showing indifference or not intervening, a bystander may feel less compelled to take action themselves due to the influence of those behaviors. This phenomenon can lead to a diffusion of responsibility, where individuals believe that someone else will step in, thereby reducing the likelihood of intervention.

Social influence can significantly affect decision-making in emergencies and highlight the importance of group dynamics. If bystanders observe that others are engaging or intervening, it increases the likelihood that they too will feel empowered to act. In contrast, when they observe passivity, it can create a false sense of safety, leading them to assume it is acceptable not to act. Thus, the correct answer encapsulates how individuals may conform to the actions (or inaction) of those nearby in high-stress situations.