What do children begin to exhibit after their first year according to Bowlby?

Bowlby’s attachment theory suggests that children form strong emotional bonds with their primary caregivers early in life. After their first year, many children begin to exhibit separation anxiety as a natural consequence of their growing attachment. This behavior manifests when the child becomes distressed upon being separated from their caregiver, indicating the importance of that relationship in providing emotional security and stability.

Separation anxiety typically peaks around 12 to 18 months, as children start to understand that their caregiver can leave and may not return immediately. This anxiety reflects a healthy development of attachment; it shows that the child has developed a secure base with their caregiver. The distress caused by separation helps the child learn about relationships and social bonds. As they grow older, they gradually develop coping strategies to handle separation without as much distress.