What characterizes the "good girl, nice boy orientation" in Kohlberg's conventional phase of morality?

The "good girl, nice boy orientation" is characterized by an emphasis on interpersonal relationships and the desire for approval from others, particularly authority figures and peers. This orientation reflects a strong adherence to societal norms and expectations, where individuals are motivated to behave in ways that are viewed as 'good' or 'nice' within their cultural context.

In this phase of development, moral reasoning is largely influenced by the desire to gain social acceptance and avoid disapproval, leading individuals to prioritize the expectations of others over personal desires or universal ethical principles. This indicates a distinct focus on conformity and the idea that good behavior aligns with societal rules, rather than acting independently based on personal gain or abstract ethical considerations.

In contrast, the other choices represent different dimensions of moral reasoning that do not specifically align with the "good girl, nice boy orientation." While seeking approval from authority figures is a part of the reasoning process, it is broader than the defined focus on societal norms. Maintaining personal gain through reciprocity pertains more to self-interest than the desire to be seen positively by others. Finally, acting according to universal ethical principles is associated with a more advanced level of moral reasoning, often found in later stages of Kohlberg’s theory, rather than the conformist tendencies of the