What are the three basic types of traits identified by Gordon Allport?

Gordon Allport, an influential psychologist in personality theory, classified traits into three basic types: cardinal, central, and secondary traits.

Cardinal traits are those that dominate an individual's personality and behavior. They are the most overarching traits that direct a person’s life and are often the defining characteristics that shape their actions and values. For example, someone who has a cardinal trait of altruism may be defined primarily by their desire to help others.

Central traits, on the other hand, are general characteristics that form the core of an individual’s personality. These traits can be numerous and include aspects like honesty, sociability, and kindness. Central traits are not as dominant as cardinal traits but significantly influence behavior and how an individual interacts with the world.

Lastly, secondary traits are more situational and can change depending on the context or environment. These traits may include likes, preferences, and attitudes that are not as stable or defining as cardinal and central traits.

Understanding these three types of traits helps provide a comprehensive overview of personality and highlights how different traits contribute to the complexity of human behavior.